Milk-can.



F. H. RIGHARDS.

MILK CAN.

APPLICATION FILED 0OT.30, 1901.

899,762, Patented Sept. 29, 1908.,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

fnwenfar: 746

F. H. RICHARDS.

MILK CAN.

APPLICATION FILED 00130, 1901.

Patented Sept. 29, 1908. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Mffilfli'.

FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

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To all whom it may concerm Be it known that I, FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, acitizen of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the county ofHartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Milk-Cans, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to milk-cans, one,

object of the invention being to provide a milk-can with an im rovedreinforced neck.

A further object o the invention is to provide a one-piece structureforming theupper part of a milk-can with a thickened neck, thereby toreinforce such neck and prevent the twisting or distortingiof such neckand also prevent elasticity of the metal at this point.

Another object of the invention is to furnish the neck of. a milk-canwith increased thickness by thickening the metal-of which such neckiscomposed during the shaping of such neck.

In the drawings accompanyin andforming a part of this specification,Figure 1 isa partly sectional view of a part of a milk-can aving abreast, bowl, and thickened neck formed in one piece. Fig.2 is a'persective view of a disk from which such artic emay be made. Figs. 3 and 4are sectional views illustrating steps in ,the formation of the article.Fig. 5 is a partly sectional view of one and a simple form of apparatus'which may be used to carry out this improved proc ess, and Fig. 6 is adetail, on anenlarged scage, showing the use of one form ofspinning tooI e Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts inthe. different figures of the drawing.

In order that-a clearunderstandiug may be had of the resent improvement,a brief reference will be made tov the prior art. as I am-aware of it. t3

It is a well-known fact in the trade that. a drop of foul milk will, ina short-railroad journey, foul many allons of pure milk. Consequently itis abso utely necessary that a milk-can be thorou -hly cleansed so thatno impure same. any patents have been Issued for improvements 1nmilk-cans, but all, with two exceptions, have disclosed structureshaving joints or seams in the upper part thereof, from which it is adifficult matter to remove articles s all remain within theSpecification of Ilette rs Patent.

Application filed October 80, 1901. Serial No. 80,488.

with the milk; This elasticit Patented Sept. 29, 1908.

such impure particles, especially when this joint or seamis located atthe underside of the neck where it is not readily accessible.

It is understood by those familiar with the F milk-can business that amilk-can having its breast,bowl, and neck of an integral structure ispractically perfect for cleansing purposes; in other words, such astructure, being seamless, is without crevices for the reception andretention of impure particles of matter. Such a can was patented and hasbeen from time to time placed upon the market,

but, owing to its structure and "the way in which it was made, .itsdisadvantages are greater thanits advantages. That is to say, while itwas without seam or joint, and therefore readily cleansible,nevertheless the neck was very elastic, so that in use it quickly becamedistorted or twisted out of shape, while also at times ermitting thebowl to becomecrushed on t e breast. Not only this, but owing to theelasticity of the neck the coversxwould jar loose, jump partially outandturn sidewise, during the jolting of rail-' road cars and wagons,thus permitting dust, dirt, and impure particles of matter to mingle isdue to a large" extent to the thinness o the metal of the neck,resulting from the drawing out of the article from a disk, this drawingoperation renderingthe metalat the neck portion much-thinner than themetal of theoriginal disk. These disadvantages more than offset the onegreat advantage of providing a seam-v less breast, neck, and bowl,consequently such patented. structure never met with any great successintlie market, as it. too fre quently pairs, its life eventhen being comaratlvely short." Subsequent to the issue'o' this patout many patentshave been issued for improvements in milk-cans, but only 0ne ofwhich,'however, has contemplated the remforcing; oftheneck of an interalbowl, neck,

andbreast of a milk-can, an this by. means ofan independent and se arateband located around such neck; it not aving been thought possible, sofar as-the art discloses, up to the time of such invention, to provide aseamless bowl, neck, and breast with a reinforced neck, whereby all theadvanta es of-a.seam

less structure couldbe obtaine without any of its disadvantages Thestructure set forth in the one patent towhich I have ust had to be sentto the shop for re referred does not, however, provide a onepieee bowl,neck, and breast in which the metal of the neck itself is utilized tostrengthen such neck; on the contrary, the neck is re- .inforcedby theuse of an independent and separate band placed around the same, usualyafter the breast, bowl, and neck are completed, thus requiringadditional time,

labor, and expense to complete the can. By

my improvement I am able to reinforce the neck without the use of anindependent and separate band, and to reinforce such neck during theforming and shaping thereof.

To furnish this improved article of manufacture I may first provide ahollow or tubular shell or blank, and then suitably shape it to form abreast, neck, and bowl, which shaping 0 eration is effective to work thebreast being used for thls'purpose.

and owl or mouth in such manner as to form a neck of increased thicknessas vcornared with the thickness of the'bowl and reast metal.

In making this improved can I first pre to one mode of treating thisblank, I may take a disk, and by a series of steps wellknown in the art,draw the same by succes- 'sive stages into a tubular blank or shell.

Twoof such stages are shown in Figs. 3 and 4, that 'shown in Fig. 4illustrating the last drawing 0 eration.

When t e hollow or, tubular blank is in readiness for the pro er shapingthereof into the finished article, t 's is preferably done by subjectinsuch blank to the graduated op-- eration o spinning, some suitable aparatus In t e drawings is illustrated a simple form of such anapparatus. The partially formed blank A' hav ngbeen mounted in "place onthe spinning lathe B, the elongation of the neck portion of the articleis resisted by suitable means, shown in the apparatus disclosed in thedrawings as a tool ordie G and plunger D 'comprisin a part of hydraulicmeans, whereby longitudinal extension of said neck portion is preventeddurin the reduction of the same to the smaller diameter indicated by thedotted lines a in Fig. 5. The spinning tool or wheel E (various formsoi'which may be used) operates on but a small area at a time, and as thisoperation extends over the entire area to be reduced themetal isgradually beaten *or driven in little by little, thus ultimatelybringing all of the metal in a given area of relatively lar ediameterinto a correspondin area but 0 a much smaller diameter; an in this way agiven quantity of use to properly sha e the blank.

metal, distributed over a given length of the larger blank, is brou htinto a corresponding or shorter length 0 the smaller and completedarticle, and by this means the smaller article is necessarily thickenedthrough the compression of the metal from a large area into a muchsmaller area. At the sametime, ofcourse, the metal is firmly condensedand solidified, and an article of superior stability and reliabilityobtained.

In the present instance, during the forming or shaping operation justset forth, the blank may also be subjected to endwise pressure, whichassists in giving the neck its increased thickness. This pressure isobtained in the apparatus shown in the drawings by hydraulic means, andfor this purpose a suitable plunger D, projecting into a cylinder Fcarried by a head adjustable on uide-ways of suitable framework, isprovided, which plunger is rotatable relatively to such head and carriesa forming tool or die 0 provided with a clamping ring C for clamping onepart, as for instance the bowl or mouth-end of the blank, such toolhaving at one part the shape which the bowl is to have, and at anotherpart a diameter corresponding to the interior diameter of the neck afterit is imished. The opposite end of the blank, as for instance thebreast, is carried by a suitable tool H having a shoulder against whicha shoulder in the breast rests. One of these tools, shown as the tool H,is provided with a recess or chamber 'H into which the other toolslides, it being splined'thereto, whereby @both of the tools rotatetogether. Any suitable means may be provided for rotating the toolsforming the lathe head. In the present instance this means is shown as aset of pulleys I and gearing J, the pulleys being adapted to impart onespeed to the lathe, and the gearing a different, such for instance as aslower speed.

In forming the article with an apparatus substantially similar to thatshown, the blank is placed upon the lathe in the manner shown in Fig. 5,and the lathe head started, whereupon during the rotary movement of theblank the spinning tool is brought into During this shaping of the b ankthe flowage of the metal longitudinally is not only restricted but thetool is gradually forced, by hydraulic pressure acting on the plunger D,mto the chamber H of its companion tool H, whereby the metal blank isplaced under endwise pressure, thus insuring a condensation of the metalat and adjacent to the neck and a consequent thickenin thereof, themetal of the ened as they approach such neck.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that I am able to provide animproved article of manufacture comprising an integral breast,

bowl and breast a so being somewhat thickneck, and bowl of a milk-can,with such neck reinforced without the use of an independent strip orband.

' Having described my-invention, I claim- 1. A receptacle com rising abreast and a bowl or month, each ari outwardly but in oppositedirections to eac other and connected by an inte ral condensed metalneck of increased thic ness in cross section as compared with the majorpart of the bowl or breast.

2. A milk can com rising abowl and a breast flaringoutwar ly in op ositedirections and connected by a 'con ensed metal one piece neck ofincreased thickness in cross section as compared with the metal'of suchbowl and breast.

3. A milk can com rising a bowl or mouth and a breast integra yconnected by a condensed metal oneiece neck, the metal of which is ofuniform y greater thickness than the metal of such breast and bowl;

4. A milk can comprisin a breast and a bowl, each flaring outward y in adirection opposite to the other and connected by a condensed metal neckintegral with such breast and bowl, the metal of said breast or bowl, orboth, increasing in thickness toward the-juncturepoint thereof with theneck, and said neck having increased thicknessin cross section ascompared with the major part of the metal of said bowl or breast. I

5. A milk can comprisin a bowl and 'a breast, each flari outward y in adirection opposite to the ot er and connected by an integral condensedmetal neck, the metal'of which neck and of the bowl and breast adjacentto their juncture points with such neck having increased thickness incross section as compared with the thickness of the remainderof suchstructure.

6. A receptacle of the class described having a bowl and a breastintegrally connected by a neck having approximately double the 7thickness of a large part of such bowl and breast. I

7. A milk can having a bowl or mouth and a breast integrally connectedby a neck hav ing greater thickness in cross section than that of alarge part of the breast and bowl.

FRANCIS H. RICHARDS.

. Witnesses:

C. A. WEED, B. C. STICKNEY.

